『 山是沉默的，它在寂静中庇护着万物。人不能为雪山代言，但雪山如同一面镜子，可以映照出人心的干净和污秽。』「 The Mountain is silent, and in its silence it shelters all beings. Humans cannot speak for the snow mountain, but the snow mountain is like a mirror, which reflects the purity and filth of the human hearts. 」Tales From the White Snow Mountain
《登山物语》（2019）
数字影像, 120分钟，中文字幕
Story of Mountaineering, 2019
Digital Video, 120 min, Chinese subtitle
人类学家、《登山物语》导演
张子木
Guo Jing
Anthropologist, documentary director
Co-curator of Black Tent Theatre, ecological visual culture researcher
2022/1/23 周日 Sun. 14:30 - 17:30
Auditorium, 1F, Guangdong Times Museum
Times Rose Garden III, Huang Bian Bei Road, Bai Yun Avenue North, Guangzhou
Admission: ¥30
including entrance to current exhibition
Scan the QR code for reservation.
Seating is limited.
卡瓦格博位于滇藏交界，是生活在东喜马拉雅一横断山区的藏族人信仰的神山。1997年，本片作者以1991年中日联合登山队的灾难性事件“梅里山难”为切入点，来到这里开展影像调查。《登山物语》的拍摄持续进行了超过二十年，跨越时间和地理的尺度，通过不同人的讲述还原山难过程、当地村民与神山的密切关系，也记录了登山、旅游等开发活动对本地环境和生活的影响。本片是“卡瓦格博传奇”系列的一章，由六个短片组成：冰川、山岳会、厨师、村民、小林与孩子、山色。本片纪录了寻找遇难者遗体的过程，登山队员、藏族村民关于梅里山难的不同记忆，日本登山队员和罹难者家属与村民的交往，以及人与山之间的沉默和对话。“卡瓦格博传奇”是一个日记体的影像系列，其中包含了作者和当地村民此里卓玛共同制作的约二十多部纪录短片。郭净等学者、电影导演以及村民拍摄者正在致力于尝试建设一个“卡瓦格博地方影像志”，将和本地有关的学者研究影像和村民影像一起纳入地方知识的构建和传承。
《登山物语》静帧
Mt. Khawa Karpo is located on the brim of the Yunnan province and the Tibetan autonomous region, it is a sacred mountain worshiped by Tibetans living in the easten-Himalaya-Hengduan mountain range. In 1997, the author of the film took the “Meili Mountaineering Accident” as a starting point and started his film inquiry, which recorded the intimate relationships between local villagers and the sacred mountain, as well as the impact of developmental activities such as mountaineering and tourism on the local environment and everyday life.
As one chapter of the Khawa Karpo Epic, this filmconsists of six short parts: Glacier, Japanese Climbers, The Cook, Villagers, Xiaolin and the Children, Mountain Colors. The film records the process of searching for deceased climbers’ bodies, different memories on the Meili accident from climbers and Tibetan villagers, the exchanges among Japanese climbers, deceased climbers’ families and local villagers, as well as the silent conversations between humans and the mountain. The Khawa Karpo Epic is a journal-style film series, consisting of more than 20 short documentaries collectively made by Guo Jing and local villager Tsering Sgrolma. Guo together with other scholars, film directors and villager-filmmakers have been committed to trying to build a “Khawa Karpo Local Film Archive”, which integrates scholars’ and villagers’ films into local knowledge construction and inheritance.《登山物语》静帧
郭净，云南省社会科学院退休学者，民族史博士，主要研究方向为仪式表演、影视人类学、文化与环境多样性保护。他是中国乡村影像的重要推动者，创办并主持2003、2005年两届"云之南纪录影像展"。著有《雪山之书》、《朝圣者》、《中国面具文化》、《傩:驱鬼、逐疫、酬神》、《幻面》等学术专著，纪录片作品有《卡瓦格博传奇》等日志式纪录⽚，2005、2007年在日本山形国际纪录片电影节放映。2003年，郭净在卡瓦格博转山，此里卓玛摄
Guo Jing, retired scholar of Yunnan Academy of Social Sciences, received his doctorate in ethnic history. His research directions include ritual performance, visual anthropology and multi-culture-environment preservation. He is an important promoter of village participatory film in China. He is also the founder and organizer of the momentous Chinese independent film festival Yunfest (2003, 2005). He has published widely on Tibetan ethnography, village film, sacred natural sites, religious ritual and performance study. His journal-archive documentary work Khawa Karpo Epic was screened in Yamagata International Documentary Film Festival (2005, 2007).
小林尚礼在明永冰川上搜寻遗体
摘自 《梅里雪山：寻找十七位友人》，小林尚礼著
1991年1月3日，中国登山史上最为严重的山难事件之一发生在云南省境内的卡瓦格博雪山（由于登山队使用的地图绘制误差，卡瓦格博被标记为梅里雪山，这场山难也被广泛地称作“梅里山难”）。中日联合登山队的17名队员（日方11名，中方6名，其中2名为藏族），在计划登顶的前一晚遭遇特大雪崩，全部遇难。登山队攀登的梅里雪山在藏文中被尊称为“卡瓦格博”，是三江流域藏族信仰的最大神山，千百年来给予村民们赖以为生的自然资源、精神庇护，神圣不可侵扰。登山活动引发了当地藏族村民的激烈抗议，雪崩引发的山难也被认为是神山对僭越者的惩罚。在村民、僧人，中外研究者和环保组织的集体倡导下，2001年有关部门立法禁止攀登卡瓦格博。
山难过后的数年，因旅游和经济活动的过度开发加之全球气候变化，卡瓦格博神山下的村民目睹了日渐频发的生态灾害，环境污染，神山脚下的明永冰川在逐渐消融。1998年，山难发生后的第七年，遇难登山队员的遗体首次出现在冰川上，这意味着雪山消融与冰川运动的速度在罕见地加快。以往在喜马拉雅山脉周边的永冻高山上，被冰雪深埋的遇难者的遗体往往很难被发现，随着雪山和冰川的缓慢运动，遗体可能会在五十年或者百年之后冲入下游的河流。据日本前登山队员、志愿负责遗体搜寻工作逾二十年的小林尚礼观察，1998到2019年，明永冰川的末端后退约1000米，冰川表面的海拔高度约下降30米。
身为人类学者和纪录片拍摄者，郭净从91年的山难入手展开了对卡瓦格博神山和附近藏族村落的长期研究和拍摄，他试图揭示山与人在漫长历史中的相互作用，山的自然属性之外的文化与神圣性，人如何与（神）山打交道。此次放映与研讨的影片《登山物语》采用日志和对话式的档案处理手法，围绕91年这场山难的各方叙述与遗体搜寻工作展开。31年后的今天，在全球疫病流行、气候危机与生态灾难频发的环境下，重观这场山难，或许可以推动我们去思考，不同文化信仰的人群如何相互尊重？人类如何思考与万物共生的伦理？面对灾难和死亡，我们又该如何更好地哀悼与纪念？从山难队员遗物胶卷中冲洗出来的照片
摘自 《梅里雪山：寻找十七位友人》，小林尚礼著
On January 3rd, 1991, the most severe mountaineering accident in China’s mountaineering history occurred on Khawa Karpo Snow Mountain in Yunnan province (due to a mapping error on the map used by the mountaineering team, Khawa Karpo was marked as Meili Snow Mountain, therefore this accident was widely known as “Meili Mountaineering accident”). All 17 members of the Sino-Japanese joint mountaineering team (11 Japanese members, and 6 Chinese members, including 2 Tibetan members), lost their lives in an extreme avalanche one night before their planned summit. What these climbers ascended as the Meili Snow Mountain is worshiped as “Khawa Karpo”, the largest sacred mountain of the three parallel rivers region in Yunnan worshiped by Tibetans. For thousands of years, it has provided villagers with natural resources for life and spiritual shelter. It is holy and infrangible. Mountaineering activities had stimulated fierce protests among local villagers. The deadly event induced by the avalanche was considered a punishment from the sacred mountain to trespassers. Under collective advocacy of villagers, monks, domestic and international researchers and environmental NGOs, in 2001 the official department published a law to forbid climbing Khawa Karpo.A few years after the mountaineering accident, due to excessive tourism and economic activities as well as global climate change, villagers living under Khawa Karpo have witnessed more frequent ecological disasters, environmental pollution, and the rapid melting of the Mingyong glacier under the sacred mountain. In 1998, the 7th year after the tragedy, the deceased climbers’ bodies first surfaced on the glacier. It indicated that the melting of the snow mountain, along with the glacier’s movement are drastically increasing. It used to be very rare to find deceased climbers’ bodies deeply buried by the ice and snow on the permafrost peaks in regions around the Himalayas. The bodies were most likely to be flushed into downstream rivers in 50 or 100 years with the slow movement of snow mountains and glaciers. As the former Japanese climber and volunteer of the bodies searching project Naoyuki Kobayashi observed, from 1998 to 2019, the Mingyong glacier's terminal point had shrunk about 1000 m and its altitude lowered around 30 m. As an anthropologist and documentary filmmaker, Guo Jing started a long-term research and filming of the 1991 mountaineering accident, extending this research to the Khawa Karpo sacred mountain and nearby villages. He aims to disclose the reciprocal effects between mountain and human over time; the culture and holiness of the mountain apart from its naturality; how to make contact with the (sacred) mountain. His film Story of Mountaineering adopts a journal-style and archival method to narrate the 1991 mountaineering accident from different parties and the body searching work. Today after 31 years, in the prevalence of the global pandemic, climate crisis and ecological disasters, we may have some takeaways from reviewing this mountaineering accident: how can people of different cultures and beliefs develop mutual respect? How can human beings co-live with all beings more ethically? When facing disasters and deaths, how can we better grieve and commemorate? 卡瓦格博既是藏族对怒山山脉主峰的尊称，也是包括两百多座山峰的神山群，在藏地往往以威严的守护神形象出现。图片摘自《雪山之书》，郭净著
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